Fundamentals stories

Every story exists in English and in Portuguese. Most have a figure you can play with.

8 stories

  1. 7 min

    We’re bad intuitive statisticians. So are LLMs.

    Monty Hall, a hostel in Foz do Iguaçu, and what temperature and top-p really do to an LLM’s next token.

    InteractiveAIFundamentals

  2. 8 min

    0.1 + 0.2 and someone’s salary

    Why money is never a float: IEEE 754 bits, payroll drift and rate rounding, shown one payslip at a time.

    InteractiveBackendFundamentals

  3. 6 min

    Tokens are compression: what Shannon explains about your AI bill

    Shannon entropy, tokenizers and your AI bill: type any text and watch information, tokens and cost move together.

    InteractiveAIFundamentals

  4. 8 min

    Why I wrote my own renderer

    bradom: six rendering strategies written from scratch, from innerHTML to Virtual DOM and tagged templates, to make one tooling choice.

    InteractiveFrontendFundamentals

  5. 4 min

    Fibonacci of 10¹⁸ in 84 multiplications

    Fibonacci of 10^18 in 84 matrix multiplications: linear recurrences in logarithmic time.

    InteractiveICPCFundamentals

  6. 4 min

    How many swaps until it is sorted?

    Counting inversions with Bubblesort and Mergesort, and why the same count compares two rankings.

    InteractiveICPCFundamentals

  7. 5 min

    Counting without enumerating

    Digit dynamic programming and the tight flag: counting numbers with a digit property without enumerating them.

    InteractiveICPCFundamentals

  8. 3 min

    Cut it into √n pieces

    Square-root decomposition for range queries, from my first talk at the first Code Camp IFPB/ACM.

    InteractiveICPCFundamentals